Common phyto-remedies used against cardiovascular diseases and their potential to induce adverse events in cardiovascular patients

Suroowan, Shanoo; Mahomoodally, Fawzi

doi:10.1186/s40816-015-0002-3

Clinical Phytoscience

International Journal of Phytomedicine and Phytotherapy

Table 4 Summary of common herbs used in CVD with possible adverse events

From: Common phyto-remedies used against cardiovascular diseases and their potential to induce adverse events in cardiovascular patients

Scientific/vernacular name	Ethnopharmacological use	Possible adverse event	Likely nature of effect	*Reference*
Capsicum annuum/capsicum	Shingles, trigeminal and diabetic neuralgia	Blood pressure increased with mono-amine oxidase inhibitors	Not known	[17]
Capsicum spp./chilli pepper	Analgesic	May interfere with antihypertensives	I	[12]
Convallaria majalis/ lilly of the valley	CHF	β-blockers + calcium channel blockers + digitalis + quinidine + steroids	Not known	[17]
Cucurbita pepo/pumpkin seed	Benign prostatic hyperplasia	Diuretics	A	[12]
Fumaria officinalis/fumitory	Infection, edema, hypertension, constipation	β–blockers + calcium channel blockers + cardiac glycosides ↑		[17]
Gossipyum hirsutum/gossypol	Male contraceptive	Diuretics ↑, Hypokalemia	Not known	[17]
Laminariales/kelp	Cancer, obesity	Antihypertensives and anticoagulants ↑	Not known	[17]
Medicago sativa/alfafa	Arthritis, asthma, dyspepsia, hyperlipidemia, diabetes	Warfarin ↑	Not known	[12]
Aetheroleum Menthae piperitae/peppermint oil	Irritable bowel syndrome	Cardiac glycosides ↑	A	[17]
Selenicereus grandiflorus/night blooming cereus	CHF	Angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitors + antiarrhythmics + β-blockers + calcium channel blockers + cardiac glycosides ↑	Not known	[17]
Storphantus preussi/strophanthus	CHF	Cardiac glycosides ↑	Not known	[17]
Tanacetum parthenium/feverfew	Prevention of migraine	Platelet inhibitors + anticoagulants ↑	A	[12]
Taraxacum officinale/dandelion	Laxative, diuretic	Antihypertensives + diuretics ↑	A	[12]
Trigonella Foenum-graecum/fenugreek	Hypercholesterolemia	anticoagulants + lipid-lowering drugs ↑	A, I	[12]
Urtica dioica/nettle	Diuretic, analgetic	Diuretics + antihypertensives	A	[12]
Vaccinium myrtillus/bilberry	Disturbed night vision, local inflammation, skin conditions, diarrhea, arthritis	Anticoagulants ↑	A	[17]
Vitex agnus castus/chaste tree	Menstrual symptoms	Beta-blockers + Antihypertensives ↑	A	[12]

Key:↑; effect induced; ↓ effect suppressed; A agonism, Anta antagonism, I inhibition, CHF chronic congestive heart failure patients

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