International Journal of Phytomedicine and Phytotherapy
Table 6 Isolated Compounds from African medicinal plants with antioxidants potential
From: African natural products with potential antioxidants and hepatoprotectives properties: a review
Compounds | Plant species | Part used | Family | Solvent Used | Assay Method | Activity/IC50 | Country of origin | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stigmasterol (1) | Dorstenia barteri L. | Whole plant | Moraceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | 62.18 μg/mL | Cameroon | [31] |
Isobavachalcone (2) | Dorstenia barteri L. | Whole plant | Moraceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | 84.33 μg/mL | Cameroon | [31] |
6–Prenylapigenin (3) | Dorstenia kameruniana Engl. | Leaf | Moraceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | 86.43 μg/mL | Cameroon | [31] |
Dorsmanin F (4) | Dorstenia mannii Hook.f. | Leaf | Moraceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | 53.89 μg/mL | Cameroon | [31] |
Quercitrin (5) | Mallotus oppositifolium (Geiseler) Mull. Arg. | Leaf | Moraceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | 28.16 μg/mL | Cameroon | [31] |
6,8–Diprenyleridictyol (6) | Dorstenia mannii Hook.f. | Leaf | Moraceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | 32.12 μg/mL | Cameroon | [31] |
Bartericin A (7) | Dorstenia barteri L. | Whole plant | Moraceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | 47.85 μg/mL | Cameroon | [31] |
Isoquercetrin (8) | Bersama abyssinica Fresen. | Leaf | Melianthaceae | MeOH | DPPH | 23.7 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Hyperoside (9) | Bersama abyssinica Fresen. | Leaf | Melianthaceae | MeOH | DPPH | 22.6 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Quercetin-3–O -Arabinopyranoside (10) | Bersama abyssinica Fresen. | Leaf | Melianthaceae | MeOH | DPPH | 20.7 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Kaempferol-3–O-Arabinopyranoside (11) | Bersama abyssinica Fresen. | Leaf | Melianthaceae | MeOH | DPPH | >50 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Mangiferin (12) | Bersama abyssinica Fresen. | Leaf | Melianthaceae | MeOH | DPPH | 15.9 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Rutin (13) | Cheilanthes farinose Sw. | Aerial parts | Pteridaceae | MeOH | DPPH | 9.5 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Rutin (13) | Cineraria abyssinica Sch. Bip. Ex A. | Leaf | Asteraceae | MeOH | DPPH | 3.53 μg/ml | Ethiopia | [57] |
Quercetin-3–O-Diglucosylrhamnoside (14) | Cheilanthes farinose Sw. | Aerial parts | Pteridaceae | MeOH | DPPH | 15.1 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Kaempferol-3–O-Diglucosylrhamnoside (15) | Cheilanthes farinose Sw. | Aerial parts | Pteridaceae | MeOH | DPPH | >58.1 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Kaempferol-3–O-Glucorhamnoside (16) | Cheilanthes farinose Sw. | Aerial parts | Pteridaceae | MeOH | DPPH | >78.0 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Caffeic Acid (17) | Cheilanthes farinose Sw. | Aerial parts | Pteridaceae | MeOH | DPPH | 23.3 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Chlorogenic acid (18) | Cheilanthes farinose Sw. | Aerial parts | Pteridaceae | MeOH | DPPH | 22.6 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Quercetrin (19) | Euclea racemosa L. | Leaf | Ebenaceae | (CH3)2CO | DPPH | 26.8 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Myricitrin (20) | Euclea racemosa L. | Leaf | Ebenaceae | (CH3)2CO | DPPH | 14.2 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Myricetin-3–O-Arabinopyranoside (21) | Euclea racemosa L. | Leaf | Ebenaceae | (CH3)2CO | DPPH | 15.8 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Quercetin (22) | Euclea racemosa L. | Leaf | Ebenaceae | (CH3)2CO | DPPH | 18.2 μM | Ethiopia | [58] |
Aloin (23) | Aloe harlana Reynolds. | Latex | Asphodelaceae | MeOH | DPPH | 0.026 mM | Ethiopia | [279] |
7‐O‐Methylaloeresin (24) | Aloe harlana Reynolds. | Latex | Asphodelaceae | MeOH | DPPH | 0.026 mM | Ethiopia | [279] |
α-Amyrin (25) | Echinops galalensis Schweinf. | Aerial parts | Asteraceae | EtOH | CCl4−induce cell damage on Huh7 | Decreas AST, ALT, MDA level and increase SOD activities | Egypt. | [102] |
β-Sitosterol (26) | Echinops galalensis Schweinf. | Aerial parts | Asteraceae | EtOH | CCl4−induce cell damage on Huh7 | Decreas AST, ALT, MDA level and increase SOD activities | Egypt. | [102] |
β-Sitosterol (26) | Tinospora bakis DC. | Leaf | Menispermaceae | EtOH | SORSA | 33% at 1 mM | Sudan | [45] |
β-Sitosterol (26) | Piper umbellatum L. | Branch | Piperaceae | DPPH | Less Potent | Cameroon | [294] | |
Erythrodiol (27) | Echinops galalensis Schweinf. | Aerial parts | Asteraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induce cell damage on Huh7 | Decreas AST, ALT, MDA level and increase SOD activities | Egypt. | [102] |
Lup-20(29)-ene- 1,3–diol (28) | Echinops galalensis Schweinf. | Aerial parts | Asteraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induce cell damage on Huh7 | Decreas AST, ALT, MDA level and increase SOD activities | Egypt. | [102] |
1,5–Dicaffeoylquinic acid (29) | Echinops galalensis Schweinf. | Aerial parts | Asteraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induce cell damage on Huh7 | Decreas AST, ALT, MDA level and increase SOD activities | Egypt. | [102] |
3,5–Dicaffeoylquinic acid (30) | Echinops galalensis Schweinf. | Aerial parts | Asteraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induce cell damage on Huh7 | Decreas AST, ALT, MDA level and increase SOD activities | Egypt. | [102] |
3,4–Dicaffeoylquinic acid (31) | Echinops galalensis Schweinf. | Aerial parts | Asteraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induce cell damage on Huh7 | Decreas AST, ALT, MDA level and increase SOD activities | Egypt. | [102] |
4,5– Dicaffeoylquinic acid (32) | Echinops galalensis Schweinf. | Aerial parts | Asteraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induce cell damage on Huh7 | Decreas AST, ALT, MDA level and increase SOD activities | Egypt. | [102] |
Apigenin-7–O-β-D-glucoside (33) | Echinops galalensis Schweinf. | Aerial parts | Asteraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induce cell damage on Huh7 | Decreas AST,ALT, MDA level and increase SOD activities | Egypt. | [102] |
2, 3–Dihydro-2′-hydroxyosajin (34) | Erythrina senegalensis L. | Stem bark | Fabaceae | EtOH | DPPH/β-CLAMS/FRAP | 41.28/19.17/15.99 μg/mL | Cameroon | [295] |
Osajin (35) | Erythrina senegalensis L. | Stem bark | Fabaceae | EtOH | DPPH/β-CLAMS/FRAP | 61.18/49.15/44.04 μg/mL | Cameroo | [295] |
6, 8–Diprenylgenistein (36) | Erythrina senegalensis L. | Stem bark | Fabaceae | EtOH | DPPH/β-CLAMS/FRAP | 53.00/24.95/19.17 μg/mL | Cameroon n | [295] |
2,3–Dihydroxypropyl elaidate (37) | Solanum nigrum L. | Leaf | Solanaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 80.5% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
Naphtho [2,1–B]furan-2(1H)-one, decahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl (38) | Solanum nigrum L. | Leaf | Solanaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 65.6% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
5–Bromosalicylaldehyde (39) | Solanum nigrum L. | Leaf | Solanaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 50.5% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
12–Sulfanyldodecanoic acid (40) | Solanum nigrum L. | Leaf | Solanaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 65.3% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
Usnic acid monoacetate (41) | Solanum nigrum L. | Leaf | Solanaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 60% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
Trilinolein (42) | Solanum nigrum L. | Leaf | Solanaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 40.8% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
Niclofen (43) | Solanum nigrum L. | Leaf | Solanaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 45.6% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
8–Azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane-2–carboxylic acid, 3–hydroxy-8–methyl,(2–endo, 3–exo) (44) | Solanum nigrum L. | Leaf | Solanaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 30.2% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
5,6–Dichloro-2–methyl-1H-benzimidazole (45) | Cassia italic Mill. | Leaf | Fabaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 48.7% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
trans-2–Methyl-4–N-Pentylthiane, (46) | Cassia italic Mill. | Leaf | Fabaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 34.8% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
Nifedipine (47) | Cassia italic Mill. | Leaf | Fabaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 78.4% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
Propionic acid (3,6,7,8–tetrahydro-3,7–methano-2,4,6–trimethyl-2H-Oxocin-7–yl) methyl ester (48) | Cassia italic Mill. | Leaf | Fabaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 68.4% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
Octadecyl bromoacetate (49) | Cassia italic Mill. | Leaf | Fabaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 56.7% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [44] |
Lophirones B (50) | Lophira alata Bank ex Gaertn. | Stem bark | Ochnaceae | CHCl3 | DPPH | 84.4% at 1 mg/mL.Increase activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR in the liver of rats | Nigeria | [40] and 2014b |
Lophirones C (51) | Lophira alata Bank ex Gaertn. | Stem bark | Ochnaceae | CHCl3 | DPPH | 90.0% at 1 mg/mL. Increase activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR in the liver of rats | Nigeria | [40] and 2014b |
3–Friedelanone (52) | Irvingia gabonensis (AubryLecomte ex O Rorke) Baill. | Stem bark | Irvingiaceae | MeOH | β-CLAMS/FRAP | 49.05/38.28 μg/mL | Cameroon | [296] |
Betulinic acid (53) | Irvingia gabonensis (AubryLecomte ex O Rorke) Baill. | Stem bark | Irvingiaceae | MeOH | β-CLAMS/FRAP | 31.95/27.52 μg/mL | Cameroon | [296] |
Oleanolic acid (54) | Irvingia gabonensis (AubryLecomte ex O Rorke) Baill. | Stem bark | Irvingiaceae | MeOH | DPPH/β-CLAMS/FRAP | 8.55/6.53/11.76 μg/mL | Cameroon | [296] |
3, 3′,4′-Tri-O-methyl ellagic acid (55) | Irvingia gabonensis (AubryLecomte ex O Rorke) Baill. | Stem bark | Irvingiaceae | MeOH | DPPH/β-CLAMS/FRAP | 14.20/15.18/12.47 μg/mL | Cameroon | [296] |
Methyl gallate (56) | Irvingia gabonensis (AubryLecomte ex O Rorke) Baill. | Stem bark | Irvingiaceae | MeOH | DPPH/β-CLAMS/FRAP | 14.78/8.88/6.35 μg/mL | Cameroon | [296] |
Hardwiickic acid (57) | Irvingia gabonensis (AubryLecomte ex O Rorke) Baill. | Stem bark | Irvingiaceae | MeOH | DPPH/β-CLAMS/FRAP | - | Cameroon | [296] |
3–β-Acetoxyursolic acid (58) | Irvingia gabonensis (AubryLecomte ex O Rorke) Baill. | Stem bark | Irvingiaceae | MeOH | DPPH/β-CLAMS/FRAP | 8.84/7.66/12.47 μg/mL | Cameroon | [296] |
Plumbagin (59) | Diospyros bipindensis Gurke. | Stem bark | Ebenaceae | CH2Cl2 | DPPH/ABTS | 3.5/2.7% at 40 μg/mL | Cameroon | [297] |
Canaliculatin (60) | Diospyros bipindensis Gurke | Stem bark | Ebenaceae | CH2Cl2 | DPPH/ABTS | 4.7/4.3% at 40 μg/mL | Cameroon | [297] |
Ismailin (61) | Diospyros bipindensis Gurke | Stem bark | Ebenaceae | CH2Cl2 | DPPH/ABTS | 4.7/4.0% at 40 μg/mL | Cameroon | [297] |
Betulinic acid (62) | Diospyros bipindensis Gurke | Stem bark | Ebenaceae | CH2Cl2 | DPPH/ABTS | 6.4/6.5 at 40 μg/mL | Cameroon | [297] |
4–Hydroxy-5–methylcoumarin (63) | Diospyros bipindensis Gurke | Stem bark | Ebenaceae | CH2Cl2 | DPPH/ABTS | 14.9/15.0% at μg/mL | Cameroon | [297] |
Betulinic acid (62) | Ficus gnaphalocarpa (Miq.) Steud. ex A. Rich. | Stem bark | Moraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induced hepatoma cells damage | Prevented liver cell death and LDH leakage | Cameroon | [55] |
3–Methoxyquercetin (64) | Ficus gnaphalocarpa (Miq.) Steud. ex A. Rich. | Stem bark | Moraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induced hepatoma cells damage | Prevented liver cell death and LDH leakage | Cameroon | [55] |
Catechin (65) | Ficus gnaphalocarpa (Miq.) Steud. ex A. Rich. | Stem bark | Moraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induced hepatoma cells damage | Prevented liver cell death and LDH leakage | Cameroon | [55] |
Epicatechin (66) | Ficus gnaphalocarpa (Miq.) Steud. ex A. Rich. | Stem bark | Moraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induced hepatoma cells damage | Prevented liver cell death and LDH leakage | Cameroon | [55] |
Quercetin (67) | Ficus gnaphalocarpa (Miq.) Steud. ex A. Rich. | Stem bark | Moraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induced hepatoma cells damage | Prevented liver cell death and LDH leakage | Cameroon | [55] |
Quercitrin (68) | Ficus gnaphalocarpa (Miq.) Steud. ex A. Rich. | Stem bark | Moraceae | MeOH | CCl4−induced hepatoma cells damage | Prevented liver cell death and LDH leakage | Cameroon | [55] |
1,7–Dihydroxyxanthone (69) | Allanblackia floribunda Oliv. | Root bark | Guttiferae | MeOH | DPPH | 488.53 μg/mL | Cameroon | [266] |
Morelloflavone (70) | Allanblackia floribunda Oliv. | Root bark | Guttiferae | MeOH | DPPH | 62.8 μg/mL | Cameroon | [266] |
7′-O-Glucoside morelloflavone (71) | Allanblackia floribunda Oliv. | Root bark | Guttiferae | MeOH | DPPH | 49.08 μg/mL | Cameroon | [266] |
Piperumbellactams A (72) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Less Potent | Cameroon | [294] |
Piperumbellactams B (73) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Potent activity | Cameroon | [294] |
Piperumbellactams C (74) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Potent activity | Cameroon | [294] |
Piperumbellactams D (75) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Less Potent | Cameroon | [294] |
Apigenin −8–C- β -D-glucopyranoside (76) | Croton zambesicus Mull. Arg. | Fruit | Euphorbiaceace | MeOH | DPPH | <80.5% at 1 mM | Sudan | [298] |
ent-Kaurane −3 β, 16 β, 17–triol (77) | Croton zambesicus Mull. Arg. | Fruit | Euphorbiaceace | MeOH | DPPH | <80.5% at 1 mM | Sudan | [298] |
Lupeol (20(29) lupene-3–ol, 3 β -form)-derivative (78) | Croton zambesicus Mull. Arg. | Fruit | Euphorbiaceace | MeOH | DPPH | <80.5% at 1 mM | Sudan | [298] |
Lupenone lup −20(29) -ene-3 β –one(79) | Diospyros mespiliform Hochst. ex A. DC. | Fruit | Euphorbiaceace | MeOH | DPPH | <80.5% at 1 mM | Sudan | [298] |
Betulin lup- 20(29)-ene-3 β, 28–diol (80) | Croton zambesicus Mull. Arg. | Fruit | Euphorbiaceace | MeOH | DPPH | <80.5% at 1 mM | Sudan | [298] |
Betulinic acid 3β- hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28–oic acid-derivative (81) | Croton zambesicus Mull. Arg. | Fruit | Euphorbiaceace | MeOH | DPPH | <80.5% at 1 mM | Sudan | [298] |
Betulinic acid 3β- hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28–oic acid (82) | Croton zambesicus Mull. Arg. | Fruit | Euphorbiaceace | MeOH | DPPH | <80.5% at 1 mM | Sudan | [298] |
Lupeol (20(29) lupene-3–ol, 3 β -form) (83) | Croton zambesicus Mull. Arg. | Fruit | Euphorbiaceace | MeOH | DPPH | <80.5% at 1 mM | Sudan | [298] |
Moracin T (84) | Morus mesozygia Stapf. | Bark | Moraceae | MeOH | DPPH | 4.12 μg/mL | Cameroon | [54] |
Moracin U (85) | Morus mesozygia Stapf. | Bark | Moraceae | MeOH | DPPH | 5.06 μg/mL | Cameroon | [54] |
Moracin S (86) | Morus mesozygia Stapf. | Bark | Moraceae | MeOH | DPPH | 6.08 μg/mL | Cameroon | [54] |
Moracin R (87) | Morus mesozygia Stapf. | Bark | Moraceae | MeOH | DPPH | 7.17 μg/mL | Cameroon | [54] |
5,7,3′-Trihydroxy-3,8,4′,5′-trimethoxyflavone (88) | Microglossa pyrifolia DC. | Leaf | Asteraceae | EtOAc | DPPH | 8.79 mg/mL | Kenya | [299] |
5,7,4′-Trihydroxy-3,8,3′,5′-tetramethoxyflavone (89) | Microglossa pyrifolia DC. | Leaf | Asteraceae | EtOAc | DPPH | 6.45 mg/mL | Kenya | [299] |
8–Acetoxyisochiliolide lactone (90) | Microglossa pyrifolia DC. | Leaf | Asteraceae | EtOAc | DPPH | 6.45 mg/mL | Kenya | [299] |
Harunmadagascarins A (91) | Harungana Madagascariensis Lam. | Stem back | Hypericaceae | Not specified | DPPH | 60.97 μM | Cameroon | [300] |
Harunmadagascarins B (92) | Harungana Madagascariensis Lam. | Stem back | Hypericaceae | Not specified | DPPH | 60.97 μM | Cameroon | [300] |
Harunganol B (93) | Harungana Madagascariensis Lam. | Stem back | Hypericaceae | Not specified | DPPH | 64.76 μM | Cameroon | [300] |
Harungin anthrone (94) | Harungana Madagascariensis Lam. | Stem back | Hypericaceae | Not specified | DPPH | 155.39 μM | Cameroon | [300] |
Emodin (95) | Psorospermum febrifugum Spach. | Stem bark | Clusiaceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | >70 GEAC; μg/mL | Cameroon | [272] |
3–Geranyloxyemodin (96) | Psorospermum febrifugum Spach. | Stem bark | Clusiaceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | <50 GEAC; μg/mL | Cameroon | [272] |
2–Geranylemodin (97) | Psorospermum febrifugum Spach. | Stem bark | Clusiaceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | <40 GEAC; μg/mL | Cameroon | [272] |
Afzeliixanthones A (98) | Garcinia afzelii Engl. | Stem bark | Clusiaceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | 17.7 μg/mL | Cameroon | [301] |
Afzeliixanthones B (99) | Garcinia afzelii Engl. | Stem bark | Clusiaceae | EtOAc; MeOH | DPPH | 14.0 μg/mL | Cameroon | [301] |
Bangangxanthone A (100) | Garcinia polyantha Oliv. | Leaf | Guttiferae | CHCl3 | DPPH | 87.0 μM | Cameroon | [302] |
Bangangxanthone B (101) | Garcinia polyantha Oliv. | Leaf | Guttiferae | CHCl3 | DPPH | >87.0 μM | Cameroon | [302] |
2–Hydroxy-1,7–dimethoxyxanthone (102) | Garcinia polyantha Oliv. | Leaf | Guttiferae | CHCl3 | DPPH | >87.0 μM | Cameroon | [302] |
1,5–Dihydroxyxanthone (103) | Garcinia polyantha Oliv. | Leaf | Guttiferae | CHCl3 | DPPH | >87.0 μM | Cameroon | [302] |
Rheediinoside A (104) | Entada rheedii Spreng. | Seed | Mimosaceae | - | ABTS/DPPH | Low activity | Cameroon | [303] |
Rheediinoside B (105) | Entada rheedii Spreng. | Seed | Mimosaceae | - | ABTS/DPPH | Moderat e activity | Cameroon | [303] |
Piperumbellactams D (106) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Less Potent | Cameroon | [294] |
N-Hydroxyaristolam II (107) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Potent activity | Cameroon | [294] |
4–Nerolidylcatechol (108) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Less Potent | Cameroon | [294] |
N-Transferuloyltyramine (109) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Less Potent | Cameroon | [294] |
E-3–(3,4–Dihydroxyphenyl)-N-2–[4–Hydroxyphenylethyl]-2–Propenamide (110) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Less Potent | Cameroon | [294] |
β-Amyrin (111) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Less Potent | Cameroon | [294] |
Friedelin (112) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Less Potent | Cameroon | [294] |
Apigenin 8–C-Neohesperidoside (113) | Piper umbellatum L. | Whole plant | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Less Potent | Cameroon | [294] |
Acacetin 6–C- B-D-glucopyranoside (114) | Piper umbellatum L. | Branch | Piperaceae | - | DPPH | Less Potent | Cameroon | [294] |
Alpinumisoflavone (115) | Ficus chlamydocarpa Mildbr. & Burret. | Stem bark | Moraceae | MeOH | DPPH/β-CLAMS/FRAP | 6/8.9/8.0 μg/mL | Cameroon | [99] |
Genistein (4′,5,7– trihydroxyisoflavone) (116) | Ficus chlamydocarpa Mildbr. & Burret. | Stem bark | Moraceae | MeOH | DPPH | 5.7 μg/mL | Cameroon | [99] |
Luteolin (3′,4′,5,7– tetrahydroxy Flavone) (117) | Ficus chlamydocarpa Mildbr. & Burret. | Stem bark | Moraceae | MeOH | DPPH/β-CLAMS/FRAP | 5.0/6.9/5.1 μg/mL | Cameroon | [99] |
3,11,12,14,19–Pentahydroxy-5,8,11,13–abietatraen-7–pyran[4,6]-16–dione (118) | Plectranthus punuctatus L. | Leaf | Lamiaceae | MeOH | DPPH | 9.65 μg/mL | Ethiopia | [304] |
Tetradecanoic acid, 2–hydroxyhexadecyl ester (119) | Hydnora abyssinica A. Braun ex Schweinf. | Leaf | Hydnoraceae | EtOH | SORSA | 37% at 1 mM | Sudan | [45] |
Catechin (120) | Hydnora abyssinica A. Braun ex Schweinf. | Leaf | Hydnoraceae | EtOH | SORSA | 68.5% at 1 mM | Sudan | [45] |
Tyrosol (121) | Hydnora abyssinica A. Braun ex Schweinf. | Leaf | Hydnoraceae | EtOH | SORSA | 26% at 1 mM | Sudan | [45] |
Benzoic acid, 3, 4–dihydroxy-, ethyl ester (122) | Hydnora abyssinica A. Braun ex Schweinf. | Leaf | Hydnoraceae | EtOH | SORSA | 59% at 1 mM | Sudan | [45] |
Columbin (123) | Tinospora bakis (A.Rich.)Miers. | Leaf | Menispermaceae | EtOH | SORSA | 20% at 1 mM | Sudan | [45] |
Przewalskinone B (124) | Tinospora bakis (A.Rich.)Miers. | Leaf | Menispermaceae | EtOH | SORSA | 29% at 1 mM | Sudan | [45] |
1–Tetracontanol (125) | Tinospora baki (A.Rich.) Miers. | Leaf | Menispermaceae | EtOH | SORSA | 26% at 1 mM | Sudan | [45] |
Di-P,octyl phenoxy 1,5 naphthalene dicarboxylase ester (126) | Cassia italic Mill. | Leaf | Fabaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 30.2% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt. | [44] |
Propionic acid (3,6,7,8–tetrahydro-3,7–methano-2,4,6–trimethyl-2 h-oxocin-7–yl) methyl ester (127) | Cassia italic Mill. | Leaf | Fabaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 68.4% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt. | [44] |
Octadecyl bromoacetate (128) | Cassia italic Mill. | Leaf | Fabaceae | EtOH | DPPH | 56.7% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt. | [44] |
11–O-Phydroxybenzoylnorbergenin (129) | Diospyros sanza-minika A. Chev. | Stem bark | Ebenaceae | - | DPPH | - | Cameroon | [305] |
4–O-(30–Methylgalloyl) Norbergenin (130) | Diospyros sanza-minika A. Chev. | Stem bark | Ebenaceae | - | DPPH | - | Cameroon | [305] |
4–O-Syringoylnorbergenin; Norbergenin (131) | Diospyros sanza-minika A. Chev. | Stem bark | Ebenaceae | - | DPPH | - | Cameroon | [305] |
4–O-Galloylnorbergenin (132) | Diospyros sanza-minika A. Chev | Stem bark | Ebenaceae | - | DPPH | Cameroon | [305] | |
Quercitol (133) | Diospyros sanza-minika A. Chev | Stem bark | Ebenaceae | - | DPPH | Cameroon | [305] |