Table 7 Total phenol, total flavonoids and folic acid content of some African medicinal plants with Antioxidant potential

Adansonia digitata L.

Bombacaceae

Fruit

-

<14.08 g/100 g

−

−

Zimbabwe

[306]

Adasonia digitata L.

Bombacaceae

Leaf

MeOH

170.9 mg/g

−

25.38 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Ajuga iva (L.) Schreb.

Lamiaceae

Aerial parts

MeOH

3.96 mg/g

0.87 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Albizia amara (Roxb,) Boiv.

Fabaceae

Leaf Stem

EtOH

0.077 mg/100 g

Zimbabwe

[307]

Allium sativum L.

Alliaceae

12.42 mg/g

0.0021 g/g

Nigeria

[308]

Aloe barbadensis (L.). Burm. f.

Aloaceae

Leaf

0.232 g/100 g

3.246 g//100 g

Nigeria

[309]

Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex Thell.

Amaranthaceae

Leaf

MeOH

18.03 mg/g

-

11.08 mg/g

South Africa

[48]

Amaranthus hybridus L.

Amaranthaceae

Leaf

MeOH

39.32 mg/g

Nigeria

[150]

Amaranthus viridis L.

Amaranthaceae

Leaf

MeOH

49.3 mg/g

Nigeria

[150]

Anacyclus clavatus (Desf.) Pers.

Aerial parts

MeOH

71.09 mg/g

3.60 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill & Perr.

Combretaceae

Leaf

MeOH

223.1 mg/g

-

223.1 mg/g

Mali

[310]

Bauhinia rufescens Lam.

Caesalpiniaceae

Leaf

MeOH

68.40 mg/g

-

Nigeria

[154]

Beilschmiedia mannii Nees.

Lauraceae

Seed

206.4 g/100 g

Ivory coast

[165]

Blighia sapida K.D. Koenig.

Sapindaceae

Mushroom

MeOH

91.8 mg/g

72.8 mg/g

Nigeria

[311]

Calycotome spinosa L.

Fabaceae

Leaf

MeOH

143.55 mg/g

4.87 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Cantharellus Cibarius Fr.

Cantharellaceae

Mushroom

-

-

5.07 ± 0.39

Nigeria

[160]

Cassia abbreviate Oliv.

C aesalpinioidaeae

Bark/leaf/root

MeOH

0.41/0.24/0.398 mg/mg

-

-

Zimbabwe

[51]

Celosia argentea L.

Amaranthaceae

Leaf

MeOH

212.16 mg/g

-

47.88 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Centaurea calcitrapa L.

Asteraceae

Aerial parts

MeOH

57.50 mg/g

-

3.28 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Ceratotheca sesamoides Endl.

Pedaliaceae

Leaf

MeOH

186.2 g/100 g

Ivory coast

[165]

Chenopodium album L.

Amaranthaceae

Leaf

MeOH

9.34 mg/g

-

9.14 mg/g

South Africa

[48]

Cissus populnea Guill & Perr.

Vitidaceae

Root back

76.4 mg/g

-

27.6 mg/g

Mali

[310]

Cleome gynandra L.

Capparidaceae

Leaf

CH₂Cl₂

188.2 g/100 g

-

Ivory coast

[165]

Clitocybe odora (Fr.) P. Kumm.

Tricholometaceae

Mushroom

Not stated

-

4.79 g/100 g

-

Nigeria

[160]

Cnestis ferruginea DC.

Connaraceae

Leaf

H₂O

125.58 mg/g

-

27.95 mg/g

Ivory coast

[166]

Corchorus olitorius L.

Malvaceae

Leaf

MeOH

330.07 mg/g

-

157.38 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Crinum bulbispermum (Burm.f) Milne-Redhead & Schweick.

Amaryllidaceae

Root

EtOAc

202.38 mg/g

-

9.18 mg/g

South Africa

[234]

Cupressus sempervirens L.

Cupressaceae

Leaf

MeOH

143.5 mg/g

-

3.09 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Dialium dinklagei Harms.

Caesalpiniaceae

Leaf

H₂O

185.59 mg/g

-

6.78 mg/g

Ivory coast

[166]

Dichrostachys cinerea Wight et Arn.

Mimosaceae

Leaf/Root

MeOH

0.28/0.10 mg/mg

-

-

Zimbabwe

[51]

Diospyros monbuttensis L.

Ebenaceae

Leaf

H₂O

136.54 mg/g

-

62.18 mg/g

Ivory coast

[166]

Elaedendron malanorpum F. Muell.

Celastraceae

Root

MeOH

0.357 mg/mg

-

-

Zimbabwe

[51]

Elephantorrhiza goetzei

Leguminosae

Root

MeOH

0.339 mg/mg

-

-

Zimbabwe

[51]

Elionurus muticus (Spreng.) Kuntze.

Poaceae

Whole Plant

0.076 mg/100 g

-

-

Zimbabwe

[307]

Ethulia conyzoides Lf.

Asteraceae

Leaf

MeOH

425 mg/100 g

-

-

Nigeria

[172]

Fadogia ancylantha Hiern.

Rubiaceae

Leaf

MeOH

<14.08 g/100 g

-

-

Zimbabwe

[306]

Ficus carica L.

Moraceae

Leaf

MeOH

23.70 mg/g

3.75 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Ficus asperifolia L.

Moraceae

Leaf

H₂O

69.20 mg/g

--

39.90 mg/g

Nigeria

[174]

Ficus dicranostyla E.J. & Ake Assi, L.

Moraceae

Leaf

CH₂Cl₂

178.5 g/100 g

−

--

Ivory coast

[165]

Ficus sycamore L.

Moraceae

Leaf

14.08 g/100 g

−

−

Zimbabwe

[306]

Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr.

Flacourticaceae

Leaf/Root

MeOH

0.431/0.21 mg/mg

−

−

Zimbabwe

[51]

Globularia alypum L.

Plantaginaceae

Leaf

MeOH

25.38 mg/g

−

3.76 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Gnetum africanum L.

Gnetaceae

Leaf

MeOH

227.47 mg/g

−

91.75 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Gongronema latifolium (Endl.)

Apocyanaceae

Leaf

MeOH

186.60 mg/g

−

51.87 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Gymnosporia senegalensis Lam.

Celastraceae

Leaf/Root/Twig

MeOH

0.34/0.22/0.268 mg/mg

--

−

Zimbabwe

[51]

Helychrisum stoechas Mill.

Asteraceae

Aerial parts

MeOH

15.43 mg/g

−

4.36 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Persoon.

Hericiaceae

Mushroom

MeOH

−

5.51 g/100 g

Nigeria

[160]

Herniaria glabra L.

Caryophyllacea

Aerial parts

MeOH

34.48 mg/g

4.90 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Heteropyxis natalensis L.

Heteropyxidaceae

Leaf Stem

EtOH

0.096 mg/100 g

−

−

Zimbabwe

[307]

Hibiscus sabdariffa L.

Malvaceae

Leaf

MeOH

104.8 mg/g

−

--

Nigeria

[177]

Hibiscus sabdariffa L.

Malvaceae

Leaf

MeOH

388.46 mg/g

-

87.00 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Hoslundia opposita Engl.

Lamiaceae

Leaf Stem

EtOH

0.054 mg/100 g

-

-

Zimbabwe

[307]

Hypoxis hemerocallidea Fisch. Mey. & Ave-Lall.

Hypoxidaceae

Tuber

MeOH

0.476 mg/mg

-

-

Zimbabwe

[51]

Justicia galeopsis T. Anderson ex C.B. Clarke

Acanthaceae

Leaf

CH₂Cl₂

189.8 g/100 g

-

-

Ivory coast

[165]

Khaya anthotheca (Welw.) C. DC.

Meliaceae

Bark/Root

MeOH

0.596/0.336 mg/mg

-

-

Zimbabwe

[51]

Kigelia africana DC.

Bignoniaceae

Bark/Fruit/Root

MeOH

0.224/0.327/0.184 mg/mg

-

-

Zimb

[51]

Laccaria amethysta (Huds.) Cooke

Hydnangiaceae

Mushroom

Not stated

-

5.30 g/100 g

-

Nigeria

[160]

Laccaria laccata (Scop.) Cooke

Hydnangiaceae

Mushroom

Not stated

-

4.87 g/100 g

-

Nigeria

[160]

Lactarius deliciousus (L.ex Fr) S.F. Gray.

Russulaceae

Mushroom

Not stated

-

4.93 g/100 g

-

Nigeria

[160]

Lactuca taraxicofolia (Wild.) Schum.

Asteraceae

Leaf

MeOH

28.38 mg/g

-

-

Nigeria

[150]

Lannea schweinfurthii Engl.

Anacardiaceae

Root

MeOH

10127 mg/g

-

13.58 mg/g

South Africa

[234]

Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew

Urticaceae

Leaf

Not stated

199.3 mg/100 g

52.0 mg/100 g

90.7 mg/100 g

Nigeria

[179]

Lepista nuda (Bull.)H.E. Bigelow & A.H. Sm.

Tricholomataceae

Mushroom

Not stated

-

5.02 g/100 g

-

Nigeria

[160]

Lepista saeva (Fr.) Cooke.

Tricholomataceae

Mushroom

Not stated

-

5.17 g/100 g

-

Nigeria

[160]

Lippia javanica L.

Verbenaceae

Leaf

Not stated

<14.08 g/100 g

-

-

Zimbabwe

[306]

Lippia javanica L.

Verbenaceae

Leaf Stem

Not stated

0.064 mg/100 g

-

-

Zimbabwe

[307]

Macrolepiot ataprocera (Scop.) Singer.

Lepiotaceae

Mushroom

Not stated

-

4.72 g/100 g

-

Nigeria

[160]

Marrubium vulgare L.

Lamiaceae

Aerial parts

MeOH

47.58 mg/g

2.01 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Mitragyna inermis Korth.

Rubiaceae

Trunk bark

19.5 mg/g

-

11.1 mg/g

Mali

[310]

Moringa oleifera Lam

Moringaceae

Leaf

MeOH

366.66 mg/g

34.16 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Myrianthus arboreus P. Beauv.

Cecropiaceae

Leaf

Not stated

263.9 g/100 g

-

-

Ivory coast

[165]

Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw.

Myrothamnaceae

Leaf

CH₂Cl₂

<14.08 g/100 g

-

--

Zimbabwe

[306]

Newbouldia laevis (P.Beauv.Seem. ex Bureau.

Bignoniaceae

Leaf

H₂O

91.49 mg/g

-

22.42 mg/g

Ivory coast

[166]

Ocimum urticifolia (N.E.Br) A.J. Paton.

Lamiaceae

Leaf Stem

0.024 mg/100 g

-

-

Zimbabwe

[307]

Origanum glandulosum Desf.

Aerial parts

MeOH

96.36 mg/g

-

7.56 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Pinus halipensis

Pinaceae

Leaf

MeOH

108.66 mg/g

-

2.80 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Piper capense L.f. var. Capense.

Piperaceae

Root

MeOH

237.60 mg/g

-

18.14 mg/g

South Africa

[234]

Piper guineense Sw.

Piperaceae

Leaf

MeOH

319.17 mg/g

-

85.41 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Pistacia lentiscus L.

Leaf

MeOH

205.22 mg/g

-

8.21 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Plantago major L.

Plantaginaceae

Aerial parts

MeOH

106.70 mg/g

-

1.54 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) P.Kumm.

Pleurotaceae

Mushroom

Not stated

-

4.75 g/100 g

Nigeria

[160]

Populus trimula L.

Salicaceae

Leaf

MeOH

116.60 mg/g

-

3.98 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Psalliota campestris L.

Agaricaceae

Mushroom

6.012 mg/g

-

0.031 g/g

Nigeria

[308]

Psorospermum febrifugum Spach

Hypericaceae

Leaf

MeOH

29.18 mg/100 g

-

Ivory coast

[165]

Pterocarpus midbraedii Jacq.

Fabaceae

Leaf

MeOH

499.78 mg/g

-

127.88 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Rhamnus alaternus L.

Rhamnaceae

Leaf

MeOH

107.95

-

26.84 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Rhus chirindensis Baker f.

Anacardiaceae

Leaf/Root

MeOH

0.323/0.258 mg/mg

-

Zimbabwe

[51]

Rhynchosia buettneri

Fabaceae

Leaf

MeOH

224.5 g/100 g

-

Ivory coast

[165]

Salix alba L.

Cortex

MeOH

259.65 mg/g

--

1.13 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Sclerocarya birrea (A.Rich.) Hochst.

Celastraceae

Bark

MeOH

0.439 mg/mg

-

Zimbabwe

[51]

Securidaca longepedunculata Engl.

Polygalaceae

Root

MeOH

0.406 mg/mg

-

-

Zimbabwe

[51]

Sesamum radiatum Sendtn.

pedaliaceae

Leaf

MeOH

273.32 mg/g

--

48.50 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Sesamum radiatum Sendtn.

Pedaluiaceae

Leaf

MeOH

273.32 mg/g

-

48.50 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Solanium aethiopium L.

Solanaceae

Leaf

MeOH

40.60 mg/g

-

-

Nigeria

[150]

Solanum macrocarpum L.

Solanaceae

Leaf

MeOH

183.1 g/100 g

-

-

Ivory coast

[165]

Solanum melongena L.

Solanaceae

Leaf

MeOH

178.74 mg/g

-

85.33 mg/g

Nigeria

[175]

Solanum nigrum L.

Solanaceae

Leaf

MeOH

30.00 mg/g

-

13.30 mg/g

South Africa

[48]

Sysimbrium officinalis (L.) Scop.

BrassicaceaE

Flower

MeOH

48.87 mg/g

-

4.86 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Telfaria occidentalis Hook. f

Cucurbitaceae

Leaf

MeOH

49.32 mg/g

-

-

Nigeria

Adetutu et al., 2015

Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr.

Combretaceae

Trunk bark

48.5 mg/g

-

14.2 mg/g

Mali

[310]

Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC.

Combretaceae

Root

MeOH

36.73 mg/g

-

73.05 mg/g

South Africa

[234]

Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC.

Combretaceae

leaf/Root

MeOH

0.208/0.228 mg/mg

-

-

Zimbabwe

[51]

Teucrium polium L.

Lamiaceae

Aerial parts

MeOH

134.00 mg/g

-

3.44 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Trema orientalis (L.) Blume.

Cannabaceae

Leaf

H₂O

240.73 mg/g

-

59.59 mg/g

Ivory coast

[166]

Trichaptum biforme

Polyporaceae

Mushroom

-

4.41 mg/g

-

0.0174 g/g

Nigeria

[308]

Tricholoma nudum (L.) P. Kumm.

Tricholometaceae

Mushroom

-

64.122 mg/g

-

0.0164 g/g

Nigeria

[308]

Ulmus campestris Mill.

Urticaceae

Leaf

MeOH

24.21 mg/g

-

3.60 mg/g

Algeria

[193]

Urtica lobulata E. Mey. Ex Bl.

Urticaceae

Leaf

MeOH

20.25 mg/g

-

11.01 mg/g

South Africa

[48]

Vepris heterophylla (Engl.) Letouzey.

Rutaceae

Leaf

51.5 mg/g

-

9.3 mg/g

Mali

[310]

Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaetn.

Sapotacee

Mushroom

MeOH

55.6 mg/g

-

64.8 mg/g

Nigeria

[311]

Vitex doniana L.

Verbernaceae

Mushroom

MeOH

96.4 mg/g

-

20.8 ± 0.05 mg/g

Nigeria

[311]

Warburgia salutaris (Bertol.f) Chiov.

Canellaceae

Leaf/Stem

EtOH

0.065 mg/100 g

-

-

Zimbabwe

[307]

Warburgia salutaris (Bertol.f) Chiov.

Canellaceae

Bark/Leaf/Root/Twig

MeOH

0.208/0.228/0.296/0.278 mg/mg

-

-

Zimbabwe

[51]

Zanthoxylum davyi (I. Verd.) Waterm.

Rutaceae

Root

MeOH

97.26 mg/g

-

8.66 mg/g

South Africa

[234]

Zingiber officianale Roscoe.

Zingiberaceae

Leaf

MeOH

64.42 mg/g

-

0.045 g/g

Nigeria

[308]

Ziziphus mucronata Wild.

Rhamnaceae

Root

MeOH

73.86 mg/g

-

17.76 mg/g

South Africa

[234]

Zizyphus mucronata Wild.

Rhamnaceae

Leaf

-

52.2 mg/g

-

14.4 mg/g

Mali

[310]