Caffeic acid rich Citrus macroptera peel powder supplementation prevented oxidative stress, fibrosis and hepatic damage in CCl4 treated rats

Clinical Phytoscience

International Journal of Phytomedicine and Phytotherapy

Table 2 Effect of Citrus macroptera peel powder supplementation on biochemical parameters in plasma and liver of CCl₄ treated rats

Parameters	Groups
Parameters	Control	Control+Citrus macroptera	CCl₄	CCl₄ + Citrus macroptera
Plasma
AST(U/L)	34.45 ± 3.85	35.89 ± 3.46 ns	65.46 ± 8.87a	47.37 ± 4.85b
ALT(U/L)	30.15 ± 2.94	31.58 ± 2.87 ns	66.04 ± 2.87a	43.07 ± 5.88b
ALP(U/L)	57.60 ± 1.38	33.76 ± 4.95b	80.35 ± 5.58a	37.57 ± 7.21b
MDA(nmol/mL)	7.27 ± 0.19	11.01 ± 0.47 ns	17.27 ± 1.79a	9.81 ± 0.42b
NO (nmol/mL)	3.87 ± 0.27	4.43 ± 0.70 ns	6.80 ± 0.65a	3.42 ± 0.61b
APOP (nmol/mL equivalent to Chloramine-T)	228.33 ± 10.66	326.35 ± 56.23 ns	736.27 ± 54.83a	347.38 ± 26.18b
GSH (ng/mg protein)	11.85 ± 0.51	11.25 ± 0.74 ns	7.50 ± 0.40a	13.63 ± 1.22b
Catalase (U/min)	7.17 ± 0.79	10.50 ± 1.20 ns	5.33 ± 1.05 ns	7.00 ± 1.06 ns
Liver
NO (nmol/mL)	14.12 ± 0.91	12.35 ± 0.92 ns	15.87 ± 2.23 ns	12.47 ± 1.20 ns
MDA (nmol/mL)	38.77 ± 1.84	40.31 ± 2.02 ns	64.41 ± 4.89ba	51.33 ± 5.13 ns
APOP (nmol/mL equivalent to Chloramine-T)	632.06 ± 33.84	497.78 ± 29.20 ns	968.57 ± 70.27a	566.43 ± 48.60b
Catalase (U/min)	20.83 ± 3.52	24.17 ± 3.00 ns	14.17 ± 2.01a	23.33 ± 2.47b

Values are presented as mean ± SEM. N = 6 in each group or otherwise specified. One way ANOVA with Bonferroni tests were done as post hoc test. Values are considered significant at p < 0.05. Values are considered significance at p < 0.05. control vs CCl₄ significanltly different a < 0.05. CCl₄ vs Citrus macroptera treatment which are significantly different at b < 0.05. ns- non significant. APOP-Advanced protein oxidation product expressed as nmol/mL equivalent to Chloramine-T