In-vivo and in-vitro evaluation of pharmacological activities of Ardisia solanacea leaf extract

Clinical Phytoscience

International Journal of Phytomedicine and Phytotherapy

Table 1 Presence of Phytochemicals in A. solanacea leaf extract

Phytochemicals	Test	ASME	ASNH	ASCF
Alkaloids	Dragendorff’s test	++	+	+
	Mayer’s test	+	++	+
	Hager’s test	+	+	+
	Wagner’s test	+	+	+
Tannins	FeCl₃ test	++	–	+
Steroids	Salkowski’s test	+	–	+
Steroids	Liebermann-Burchard test	+	–	+
Flavonoids	Zn-HCl reduction test	++	+	++
Flavonoids	Lead acetate test	+	–	+
Saponins	Shake or foam test or froth test.	++	++	++
Saponins	Olive oil test	+	++	+
Resins	Test with acetone solution	++	+	++
Glycosides	NaOH test	++	+	+
Cardiac-glycosides	Keller- killiani test	+	–	–
Anthraquinones glycosides	Hydroxy anthraquinones	–	–	–
Carbohydrate	Fehling’s test	++	+	+
Protein	Molisch’s test	+	+	+
Fats or fixed oils	Biuret test	++	+	–
Phenols	Test with 1% of copper sulphate solution and NaOH	+	+	+
Triterpenes	Salkowski’s test	+	–	–
Triterpenes	Liebermann-Burchard test	+	–	–

Note: ASME = methanolic extract of A. solanacea, ASCF = Chloroform soluble fraction, ASNH = n-hexane soluble fraction. Bioavailability key: (++) ve = High presence, (+) ve = Medium presence, (−) ve = Absence