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International Journal of Phytomedicine and Phytotherapy

Table 5 Binding energy, No. of H- Bonds, H- Bond length, H-bond with and hydrophobic interactions of TGF-β1 ligands with receptors

From: Antioxidant and in vivo hepatoprotective effects of Gardenia gummifera L.f. fruit methanol extract

Ligands

Target Protein

Affinity (kcal/mol)

No. of H-bonds

H-bond length (Ã…)

H-bond with

Hydrophobic interactions

Silymarin

TGF-β1

–6.8

3

3.14, 3.00

3.04

Ser241

Arg240

Phe243, Ile367, Arg244, Glu247, Leu354, Gly353, Val373, Phe216, Glu238, Arg237

 Compound I

–4.0

1

2.87

Ser241

Arg244, Leu354, Gly353, Phe216, Arg240

 Compound II

–4.6

2

2.82

3.28

Asp351

Lys232

Leu260, Tyr249, Glu245, Phe262, Leu278, Ser280

 Compound III

–4.3

2

3.20

3.25

Ser241

Arg244

Leu354, Gly353, Arg240, Ile367

  1. 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4 h-pyran-4-one (Compound I), 2-furancarboxaldehyde 5-(hydroxymethyl)-(Compound II), and Quinic acid (Compound III)