International Journal of Phytomedicine and Phytotherapy
From: African natural products with potential antioxidants and hepatoprotectives properties: a review
Plants | Family | Part used | Solvents | Assay Methods | Inhibition/EC50 | Country of origin | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acacia arabica (Lam) Wild. | Fabaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 61.20% at 50 μg/mL | Sudan | [188] |
Acacia nilotica Delile. | Mimosaceae | Bark | EtOH | SORSA | 75% at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Acacia nilotica Delile. | Mimosaceae | Pod | MeOH | DPPH | 37.57 μM | Sudan | [189] |
Acalypha marginata Spreng. | Euphorbiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 29/89 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Achillea millefolium L. | Asteraceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH/TBA | 58.11/51.2 at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [190] |
Adansonia digitata L. | Malvaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH | 13% | Sudan | [191] |
Adhatoda vasica Nees. | Acauthaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 3/13 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Adhatoda vasica Nees. | Acanthaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | >100 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Ajuga iva (L.) Schreb. | Lamiaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | 486.60 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Albezzia anthelmintica Benth. | Loganiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 20/49 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Albezzia stipulate (DC.) Bovin. | Mimosaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 1/18 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Albizzia anthelmintica Benth. | Mimosaceae | - | EtOH | SOCA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Alhagi maurorum Medik. | Leguminosae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.47Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Aloe vera L. | Xanthorrhoeaceae | Juice | MeOH | DPPH | >100 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Alternanthera versicolor Forssk. | Amaranthaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 0.5/71 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Althaea rosea Hohen. | Malvaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 19/58 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Amaranthus tricolor L. | Amaranthaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 1/0 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Anabasis articulata L. | Chenopodiaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 40/42% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Anacyclus clavatus Pers. | Asteraceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | 27.20 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Anacyclus pyrethrum L (DC). | Asteraceae | Root | MeOH | DPPH | 26.3 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Anastatica hierochuntica L. | Brassicaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH | 150.85 μg/mL | Egypt | [195] |
Anogeisus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. & Perr. | Combretaceae | Leaf | MeOH | FRAP | 92% | Sudan | [196] |
Anthorium scherzerianum Schott. | Araceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 14/37 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Antigonon leptopus Hook & Arm. | Polygonaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH | 89% | Sudan | [197] |
Arbutus Pavarii Pamp. | Ericaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 4.55 μg/mL | Algeria | [198] |
Arbutus unedo L. | Ericaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH/ABTS | 3.8/4.2 μg/mL | Algeria | [199] |
Argemone mexicana L. | Papaveraceae | Not stated | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Aristolochia bracteolata L. | Aristolochiaceae | Not stated | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Artemisia absinthium L. | Compositae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.89Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Artemisia annua L. | Asteraceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH/TBA | 37.97/49.6 at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [190] |
Arum palaestinum Boiss. | Araceae | Leaf | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 12/43% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Asparagus plumosus Baker. | Liliaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 0/16 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Asparagus setaceus Jessop. | Liliaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 5/15 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Asparagus stipularis Rch. D. | Liliaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 72/70% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Asphodelus microcarpus Rch. D. | Liliaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 60/49% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Aspidistra lurida Ker Gawl. | Convallariaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 0/39 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Astragalus pinosus L. | Leguminosae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 28/19% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Atriplex halimus L. | Chenopodiaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 70/50% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Balanites aegyptiaca Delile. | Balanitaceae | Bark | EtOH | SORSA | 72% at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Balanites aegyptiaca Delile. | Balanitaceae | Seed | Oil | Â | 17% | Sudan | [200] |
Bauhenia variegata | Leguminosae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 18/94 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Bauhinia alba Buch. | Caesalpiniaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH/ABTS | 74.32/25.29 μg/mL | Egypt | [201] |
Beta vulgaris L. | Amaranthaceae | Leaf | Cold H2O/hot H2O/MeOH | DPPH | 0.5/22/0.48Â mg/mL | Egypt | [202] |
Beta vulgaris L. | Amaranthaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 41/30% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Bombax malabaricum DC. | Bombacaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 2/96 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Boswellia sacra Flueck. | Burseraceae | Gum | MeOH | DPPH | >100 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Bougainvillea glabra Choisy. | Nyctaginaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 20/50 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Bougainvillea pixie-pink | Nyctaginaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 22/39 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Bougainvillea spectabilis Wild. | Nyctaginaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 12/38 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Brachichton acerifolium | Sterculiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 16/22 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Brassica nigra W.D.J. Koch. | Brassicaceae | Seed | MeOH | DPPH | 32.82 μML | Sudan | [189] |
Brassica nigra W.D.J. Koch. | Brassicaceae | Seed | MeOH | DPPH | >100 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Brassica rapa L. | Brassicaceae | Root | MeOH | DPPH | >100 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Buddleia davidii Franch | Loganiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 10/50 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Buddleja rufescens | Caesalpiniodeae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 81% at 500 μg/mL | Sudan | [203] |
Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. | Loganiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 25/27 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Cakile maritime Scop. | Cruciferae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 58/55% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Calendula officinalis L. | Asteraceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH/TBA | 22.08/2.60 at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [190] |
Calendula officinalis L. | Asteraceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.67Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Calicotome spinosa L. | Fabaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 29.20 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Calicotome villosa Poir. | Fabaceae | Leaf | MeOH | ß-CLAMS | 29.8 μg/mL | Tunisia. | [204] |
Caliistemon lanceolatus (Curtis) Dum.Cours. | Myrtaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 23/78 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Calliandra haematocephala Hassk. | Mimosaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 10/23 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Camellia sinensis (L). Kuntze. | Theaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 17.044Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Camellia sinensis (L). Kuntze. | Theaceae | Leaf | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 85/70% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Camellia sinensis (L). Kuntze. | Theaceae | Leaf | Tea | DPPH | 3.0 μg/mL | Algeria | [205] |
Capparis Spinosa L. | Capparidaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 57.75 μg/mL | Algeria | [198] |
Capsicum annuum L. | Solanaceae | Fruit | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 57/25% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Capsicum annuum L. | Solanaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 90/81% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Capsicum frutescens L. | Solanaceae | Leaf | Cold H2O/hot H2O/MeOH | DPPH | 0.69/22.2/0.57Â mg/mL | Egypt | [202] |
Carissa grandiflora A.DC. | Apocynaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 2/0 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Cassia acutifolia L. | Fabaceae | Leaf | Cold H2O/hot H2O/MeOH | DPPH | 0.58/39/0.59Â mg/mL | Egypt | [202] |
Cassia didymobotrya Delile. | Fabaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 19.5/12 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Cassia fistula L. | Fabaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 21.6/45 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Cassia fistula L. | Fabaceae | Fruit | MeOH | DPPH | 75 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Cassia nigricans Vahl. | Caesalpinaceae | Not stated | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Cassia senna L. | Ceasalpiniaceae | Ieaf | MeOH | DPPH | 33.56 μM | Sudan | [189] |
Centaurea calcitrapa L. | Asteraceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | 231.70 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Ceratonia siliqua L. | Fabaceae | Pod | H2O | DPPH/ABTS | 7.7/9.7% | Morocco | [206] |
Cestrum diurnum ex Dunal. | Solonaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 30/20 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Chrysanthemum frutesence (L.) Sch. Bip. | Compositae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 0/87 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Chrysanthemum red L. | Asteraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 15.53 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Cistanche phelypaea L. | Orobanchaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 50/85% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Cistus incanus L. | Cistaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 17.75 μg/mL | Algeria | [198] |
Cistus Parviflorus Gaterau. | Cistaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 4.75 μg/mL | Algeria | [198] |
Citrullus colocynthis (L) Schrad. | Cucurbitaceae | Not stated | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Citrus limon (L) Osbeck | Rutaceae | Fruit | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 91/70% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Cochlospermum planchonii Hook. F. ex Planach. | Cochlospermaceae | Root | MeOH | DPPH/FRAP | 01.83/06.50Â mg/mL | Egypt | [207] |
Colocasia antiquorum Schott. | Araceae | Leaf | Cold H2O/hot H2O/MeOH | DPPH | 0.49/49.7/0.27Â mg/mL | Egypt | [202] |
Combretum aculeatum Vent. | Combretaceae | Leaf | MeOH | FRAP | 98% | Sudan | [196] |
Combretum hartmannianum Schweinf. | Combretaceae | Leaf | EtOH/MeOH/H2O | DPPH | 146/14/967 μg/mL | Sudan | [208] |
Combretum hartmannianum Schweinf. | Combretaceae | Leaf | MeOH | RSA/FRAP | 86/11% | Sudan | [208] |
Combretum hartmannianum Schweinf. | Combretaceae | Leaf | MeOH | FRAP | 99% | Sudan | [196] |
Conocarpus erectus L. | Combretaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 15/45 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Coratonia siliqua L. | Loganiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 1.5/40 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Cordia africana Lam. | Boraginaceae | Leaf/Stem bark/Fruit | MeOH | DPPH | 80/88/74/37% | Sudan | [209] |
Cordia sebestena Andrew. | Boraginaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 15/42 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Cordyline fruticosa Gopp. | Laxmamiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 18/21 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Crinum longifolium L. | Amaryllidaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 6/21 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Cryptostegia grandiflora R. Br. | Asclpiadaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 0/35 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Cucurbita maxima Duchesne. | Cucurbitaceae | Seed | EtOH | DPPH | 38% | Sudan | [191] |
Cucurbita pepo Vell. | Cucurbitaceae | Leaf | MeOH/H2O | DPPH | >0.19Â mg/mL | Algeria | [210] |
Cupressus sempervirens L. | Cupressaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 6/65 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Cupressus sempervirens L. | Cupressacea | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 29.20 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Cymbopogon citratus Stapf. | Poaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH/TBA | 24.79/2.7 at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [190] |
Cymbopogon citratus Stapf. | Poaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 30.64 μM | Sudan | [189] |
Cymbopogon schoenanthus Spreng. | Poaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 34.28 μML | Sudan | [189] |
Cynara scolymus L. | Asteraceae | Rizhome | MeOH/flavonoid | DPPH | 17.7/13.3 μg/mL | Libya | [211] |
Cyperus alternifolius Stend. | Cyperaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 2/31 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Cypressus macrocarpa | Cupressaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 3/49 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Datura arborea L. | Solonaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 17/56 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Daucus carota L. | Umbelliferae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 85/81% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Derris rubosta (Roxb. ex DC.) Benth. | Fabaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH/ABTS | 138/294 μg/mL | Egypt | [201] |
Didonia viscose Jacq. | Sapindaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 0/90 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Dracaena fragrans Ker Gawl. | Moraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 15/33 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Dracaena marginata L. | Agavaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 15/13 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Duranta repens L. | Verbenaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 16/44 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Eichhornia azurea K | Pontederiaceae | Fruit | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 54/50% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Elaeagnus macrophylla Thunb. | Elaeagnaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 45/8 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Emblica officinalis Gaetn. | Euphorbiaceae | Fruit | MeOH | DPPH | 63 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Erica arborea L. | Ericaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH/ABTS | 5.7/6.8 μg/mL | Algeria | [199] |
Erica multiflora L. | Ericaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH/ABTS | 10.2/9.0 μg/mL | Algeria | [199] |
Eucalyptus globules Labill. | Myrtaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH/H2O2 | -- | Algeria | [212] |
Eucalyptus rostrata Cav. | Myrtaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 9/90 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Eugenia uniflora L. | Myrtaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 13/16 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Euonymus japonicus Thunb. | Celastraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 3/66 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Euphorbia paralias L. | Euphorbiaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 81/51% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Euphorbia serrata L. | Euphorbiaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 40 μg/mL | Libya | [213] |
Euphorbia splendens Bojer ex Hook. | Euphorbiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 5.5/31 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Ferula assafoetida L. | Apiaceae | Gum | MeOH | DPPH | >100 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Ficus alii L. | Moraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 1/3 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Ficus benjamina L. | Moraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 2/3 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Ficus carica L. | Moracea | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 84/80% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Ficus carica L. | Moraceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 113.30 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Ficus elastica Roxb. | Moraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 11.5/41 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Ficus enfictoria L. | Moraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 3.5/31 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Ficus hawaii L. | Moraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 3/25 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Ficus natalensis Hochst. | Moraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 5/16 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Ficus nitida Miq. | Moraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 5/25 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Ficus religiosa L. | Moraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 3/24 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Ficus vasta Forss K. | Moraceae | Leaf | MeOH | RSA/Iron chelating | 88/03% | Sudan | [208] |
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. | Apiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 46/16 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Fraxinus latifolia Benth. | Oleaceae | Leaf | EtOH | OH | 79.76 μg/mL | Algeria | [214] |
Gazania splendens Hort. Angl | Compositae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 0/89 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Geigeria alata Benth & Hook. F. | Asteraceae | - | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Globularia alypum L. | Globulariaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 39.30 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Globularia alypum L. | Globulariaceae | Leaf | MeOH/H2O/EtOAc | DPPH | 33.32/36.12/38.29 μg/mL | Algeria | [215] |
Globularia Arabica Jaub & Spach. | Globulariaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 7.65 μg/mL | Algeria | [198] |
Glycyrrhiza glabra L. | Galegeae | Seed | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 47/84% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Grass L. | Poaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 5/30 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Guiera senegalensis Lam. | Combretaceae | Leaf | MeOH | RSA/Iron chelating | 90/05% | Sudan | [208] |
Hammada scoparia (Pomel) IIjin. | Chenopodiaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 8 μg/mL | Libya | [211] |
Helianthemum lippii Mill. | Cistaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH/OH | 58.98/324.84 μg/mL | Algeria | [216] |
Helianthemum lippii Mill. | Cistaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 45.2 μg/mL | Algeria | [198] |
Helianthus annuus L. | Asteraceae | Seed | Oil | DPPH | 52% | Sudan | [200] |
Helychrysum stoechas L. | Asteraceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | 46.30 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Herniaria glabra Mill. | Caropllaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | 332.5 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Hibiscus mutabilic L. | Malvaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 0/40 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. | Malvaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 5.62Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. | Malvaceae | Calyces | MeOH | DPPH | 33.24 μM | Sudan | [189] |
Hydnora abyssinica A. Braun. | Hydnoraceae | Leaf | EtOH | SORSA | 59% at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Hydnora abyssinica A. Braun. | Hydnoraceae | Rhizome | MeOH | RSA/Iron chelating | 77/02% | Sudan | [208] |
Hydrangea red L. | Saxifragaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 4/29 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Hyoscyamus albus L. | Rhamnacea | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 60 μg/mL | Libya | [213] |
Hyphaene thebaica Mark. | Arecacea | Not stated | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Inula viscosa L. | Asteraceae | Leaf | Oil | DPPH, ABTS/H2O2 | - | Algeria | [217] |
Jacarandas acutifolia L. | Bignoniaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 18/55 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Jasminum grandiflorum L. | Oleaceae | Flower | H2O | DPPH/ABTS | 14.35/10.2% | Morocco | [206] |
Jasminum grandiflorum L. | Oleaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 39/52 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Jasminum primulinum ex Baker. | Oleaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 6/30 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Jatropha curcas L. | Euphorbiaceae | Root/Leaf | EtOH | DPPH | 0.048/0.063 | Egypt | [218] |
Jatropha integerrima Jacq. | Euphorbiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 13/10 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Jatropha multifidal L. | Euphorbiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 47/17 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Khaya senegalensis A. Juss. | Meliaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 13/86 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Khaya senegalensis A. Juss. | Meliaceae | Leaf | EtOH | SORSA | 71% at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Kigelia pinnata DC. | Bignoniaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 3/0 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Kochia indica Wight. | Chenopodiaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 50/72% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Lagerstroemia indica L. | Lythraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 28/89 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Lantana camara L. | Verbenaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 12/32 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Lantana montevidensis Briq. | Verbenaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 11/30 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Laurus nobilis L. | Lauraceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH/ABTS | 18.93/18.61% | Morocco | [206] |
Laurus nobilis L. | Lauraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 49/89 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Laurus nobilis L. | Lauraceae | Leaf | Oil | DPPH, ABTS/H2O2 | - | Algeria | [217] |
Lavandula angustifolia Mill. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 2.6/36 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Lepidium sativum | Brassicaceae | Seed | MeOH | DPPH | 33.61 μM | Sudan | [189] |
Leucophyllum frutescens | Scrophulariaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 16.4/31 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Ligustrum ovalifolium Hassk. | Oleaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 9/11 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Limoniastrum monopetalum Boiss. | Plumaginaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 85/82% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Lonicera japonica Thunb. | Caprifoliaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 5/16 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Lotas polyphyllus E.D. Clarke | Leguminosae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 27/27% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Luffa aegyptiaca Mill. | Curcubitaceae | Leaf | Cold H2O/hot H2O/MeOH | DPPH | 1.19/17.9/0.75Â mg/mL | Egypt | [202] |
Majorana hortensis Moench. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH/TBA | 69.73/63.6 at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [190] |
Marrubium vulgare L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.43Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Marrubium vulgare L. | Lamiaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | 84.20 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Matricaria chamomilla L. | Compositae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 2.15Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Matricaria chmomilla L. | Asteraceae | Flower | MeOH | DPPH | 91.69% at 50 μg/mL | Sudan | [188] |
Matricaria recutita L. | Asteraceae | Flower | H2O | DPPH/ABTS | 0.67/5.97% | Morocco | [206] |
Melia azedarach L. | Meliaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 2/32 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Melilotus officinalis Pall. | Fabaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | >100 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Mentha pulegium L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH/ABTS | 42.7/30.2 | Algeria | [219] |
Mentha pulegium L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | EtOAc | DPPH | 1.7 μg/mL | Algeria | [220] |
Mentha rotundifolia Sole. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH/ABTS | 71.3/40.4 μg/mL | Algeria | [219] |
Mentha spicata Crantz. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH/ABTS | 16. 2/10.3 μg/mL | Algeria | [219] |
Moricandia nitens L. | Cruciferae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 89/85% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn. | Moringaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 15/30 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Morus alba L. | Moraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 14/40 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Myoporum pictum Banks & Sol. Ex G. Forst. | Myoporaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 42.7/26 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Myrtus communis Blanco. | Myrtaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 19.04Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Myrtus Communis Blanco. | Myrtaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 26.6/90 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Myrtus communis L. | Myrtaceae | Aerial parts | Oil | DPPH | 6018 μg/mL | Algeria | [221] |
Narcissus tazetta L. | Oleaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 22/40 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Nephrlepis bostoniensis L. | Polypodiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 16/43 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Nerium oleander L. | Apocyanaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 3.15Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Nerium oleander L. | Apocynaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 19/31 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Nerium oleander L. | Apocynaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 64.5 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Nicotiana glauca L. | Solanaceae | Leaf | EtOH/MeOH/H2O | DPPH | 54/13/30 μg/mL | Sudan | [193] |
Nigella sativa L. | Ranunculaceae | Not stated | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Nigella sativa L. | Ranunculaceae | Seed | EtOH | DPPH | 60% | Sudan | [222] |
Nigella sativa L. | Ranunculaceae | Seed | MeOH | DPPH | >100 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Nigella sativa L. | Ranunculaceae | Seed | Oil | DPPH | 85% | Sudan | [200] |
Ocimum basilicum L. | Lamiaceae | Bark | EtOH | SORSA | 66% at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Ocimum basilicum L. | Lamiaceae | Seed | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 72/9.8% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Ocimum basillcum L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | Cold H2O/hot H2O/MeOH | DPPH | 0.21/53.0/0.19Â mg/mL | Egypt | [202] |
Olea europaea (Wall. Ex G. Don) Cif. | Oleaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 50/81% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Olen europaea (Wall. Ex G. Don) Cif. | Oleaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 8.08Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Origanum glandulosum Salzm. | Lamiaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | 12.80 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Origanum majorana L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.859Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Origanum syriacum L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH/TBA | 55.7/25.39 | Egypt | [190] |
Panax quinquefolius L. | Araliaceae | Seed | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 11/56% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Parkinsonia aculeata L. | Loganiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 17/9 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Peganum harmala L. | Zygophyllaceae | Not stated | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Peganum harmala L. | Zygophyllaceae | Seed | MeOH | DPPH | >100 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Peganum harmala L. | Zygophyllaceae | Seed | MeOH | H2O2 | 3.33Â mg/mL | Algeria | [223] |
Peganum harmala L. | Zygophyllaceae | Seed | MeOH/H2O | DPPH | 0.194/1.345Â mg/mL | Algeria | [224] |
Pelargonium oderatissimum L. | Geraniaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 9/89 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Pelargonium zonale L Her. | Geraniaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 12/32 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Phagnalon rupestre Dc. | Compositae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 3.88Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Phalangium variegate L. | Liliaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 3/17 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Phoenix dactylifera L. | Palmaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 83/77% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Pinus halipensis Miller. | Pinaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 115.50 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Piper nigrum Wall. | Piperaceae | Seed | MeOH | DPPH | >100 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Pistacia atlantica Desf. | Anacardiaceae | Gall | Oil | DPPH/ABTS/FRAP | 417.61/495.6/0.115 μg/mL | Algeria | [225] |
Pistacia lentiscus L. | Anacardiaceae | Leaf | EtOAc | DPPH/OH | 6.8/8.2 μg/mL. | Algeria | [226] |
Pistacia lentiscus L. | Anacardiaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 4.30 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Pithecellobium dulce Benth. | Fabaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 11/23 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) W.T. Alton. | Pittosporaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 11/9 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Pituranthos tortousus (Coss.) Maire. | Apiaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.46Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Pituranthos tortusous (Coss.) Maire. | Umbelliferae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 58/81% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Plantago major Elliot. | Plantaginaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | 48.00 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Plumeria alba L. | Apocynaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 28/15 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Poinciana regia Bojer. | Caesalpiniaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 15/15 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Polianthes tuberose L. | Agavaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 8/12 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Populus tremula L. | Salicaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 88.70 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Psidium guajava L. | Myrtaceae | Leaf | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 97/88% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Punica granatum L. | Punicaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 9/96 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Punica granatum L. | Punicaceaea | Fruit | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 85/75% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Quercus Coccifera L. | Fagaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 18.65 μg/mL | Algeria | [198] |
Quercus robur L. | Fagaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 20.63Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Raphanus raphanistrum L. | Cruciferae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.47Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Retama raetam Webb & Berthel. | Leguminosae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 80/78% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Retama raetem Webb & Berthel. | Fabaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 40 μg/mL | Libya | Alghazeer et al., 2012 |
Rhamnus alaternus L. | Rhamnaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 54.16 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Rhamnus alaternus L. | Rhamnaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 40.7 μg/mL | Algeria | [198] |
Rheum palmaum | Polygonaceae | Stem | MeOH | DPPH | 14.2 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Ricinus communis L. | Euphorbiaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 90.57% at 50 μg/mL | Sudan | [188] |
Ricinus communis L. | Euphorbiaceae | Seed | Oil | DPPH | 51% | Sudan | [200] |
Rosa banksiae R. Br. | Rosaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 25/42 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Rosmarinus officinalis L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH | + | Algeria | [227] |
Rosmarinus officinalis L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.51Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Rosmarinus officinalis L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 28.6/31 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Rosmarinus officinalis L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH/TBA | 69.73/70.6 at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [190] |
Rosmarinus officinalis L. | Lamiaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 38/65% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Rosmarinus officinalis L. | Lamiaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | 19.4 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Rubus idaeus Thunb. | Rosaceae | Leaf | EtOAc | DPPH | 4.80 μg/mL | Algeria | [228] |
Ruscus hyphoglossum L. | Liliaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 0/42 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Russelia juncea Zucc. | Scrophulariaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 17/30 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Ruta graveolens L. | Rutaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.60Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Ruta graveolens L. | Rutaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 61 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Salix alba Thunb. | Salicaceae | Cortex | MeOH | DPPH | 15.50 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Salvia officinalis L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.81Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Salvia officinalis L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 45/49 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Salvia officinalis L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | Oil | DPPH, ABTS/H2O2 | - | Algeria | [217] |
Salvia triloba L. | Lamiaceae | Aerial Parts | MeOH | DPPH | 20.7 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Sanseviera guineenses Thunb. | Liliaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 23.5/18 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Santolina chamaecyparissus L. | Asteraceae | Leaf | H2O/MeOH | β-CLAM | 64%/61% at 50 μg/mL | Algeria | [229] |
Santolina chamaecyparissus L. | Asteraceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 11/46 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Satureja thymbra L. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | Oil | DPPH | 0.0967Â mg/mL | Libya | [230] |
Schefflera actinophylla Harms. | Araliaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 3/94 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Schefflera arboricola Hayata. | Araliaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 2/0 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Schinus terebentifolius Raddi. | Anacardiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 15/12 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Sciadophyllum pulchrima L. | Araliaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 1.5/18 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Sesamum indicum L. | Pedaliaceae | Seed | Oil | DPPH | 34% | Sudan | [200] |
Sesbania aegyptiaca Pers. | Fabaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 17/43 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Solanum lycopersicum L. | Solanaceae | Bark | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 82/82% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Solanum nigrum L. | Solanaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 85/55% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Solanum rantonnetii Carriere. | Solanaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH/ABTS | 162/239 μg/mL | Egypt | [201] |
Solenostemma argel Hayne. | Apocyanaceae | Leaf | Cold H2O/hot H2O/MeOH | DPPH | 0.61/33.3/0.43Â mg/mL | Egypt | [202] |
Sonchus oleraceus L. | Asteraceae | Leaf | EtOH | SORSA | 56 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Spathodea tilotica P.Beauv. | Bignoniaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 19/85 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Sterculia diversifolia L. | Sterculiaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 14/88 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Strelitzia reginae Banks. | Streliziaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 32/45 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Striga hermonthica Delile. | Orobanchaceae | Whole plant | MeOH | RSA/Iron chelating | 29/23% | Sudan | [208] |
Sysimbrium officinalis (L.) Scop. | Brassicaceae | Flower | MeOH | DPPH | 145.0 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Syzgium aromaticum (L.) Merrill & Perry. | Myrtaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 20.49Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill & Perry. | Myrtaceae | Pud | MeOH | DPPH | 15.9 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Tabernaemontana divaricata G. Don. | Apocynaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 40/44 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Tecoma capensis Lindl. | Bignoniaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 0/55 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Tecomaria capensis Thunb. | Bignoniaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 9/90 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Tephrosia apollinea Klotzsch. | Papilionaceae | - | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Tephrosia apollinea Klotzsch. | Leguminosae | Aerial parts | n-C6H12/EtOH/MeOH/H2O | DPPH | >1000/120/48/2835 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Terminalia arjuna Roxb.ex DC. | Combretaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 27/42 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Terminalia arjuna Roxb.ex DC. | Combretaceae | Fruit | MeOH | DPPH | 3.1 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Terminalia chebula Retz. | Combretaceae | Fruit | MeOH | DPPH | 2.2 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Teucrium polium Decne. ex C. Presl. | Lamiaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | 30.20 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Teucrium polium Decne. ex C. Presl. | Lamiaceae | Aerial parts | MeOH | DPPH | 96.4 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Teucrium polium Decne.ex C. Presl. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.22Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Thapsia garganica L. | Apiaceae | Root/Leaf/Flower | MeOH | DPPH | 9.98/10.08/19.32Â mg/100Â mL | Algeria | Yasmine et al., 2012 |
Thapsia garganica L. | Apiaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 50 μg/mL | Libya | Alghazeer et al., 2012 |
Thapsia garganica L. | Apiaceae | Leaf | MeOH/EtOH | DPPH | 91.92% 79.60% | Algeria. | [231] |
Thevetia narifolia L. | Apocynaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 26/29 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Thuja orientalis L. | Cupressaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 0/71 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Thymelaea hirsute Mill. | Thymelaeaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 76/35% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Thymelaea microphylla Coss & Durieu. | Thymelaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH | 77.86% | Algeria | [224] |
Thymus vulgaris M. Bieb. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.949Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Thymus vulgaris M. Bieb. | Lamiaceae | Leaf | EtOH | DPPH/TBA | 96.85/70.8 at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [190] |
Tinospora bakis Miers. | Menispermaceae | Leaf | EtOH | SORSA | 54% at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Tradescantea spp | Commelinaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 44/0 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Tradescantea zebrine (Schinz) D.R. Hunt. | Commelinaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 1/16 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Trigonella foenum-graecum Suter. | Fabaceae | Seed | H2O | DPPH/ABTS | 9.23/13.27% | Morocco | [206] |
Trigonella foenum-graecum Suter. | Fabaceae | Seed | MeOH | DPPH | 90.94% at 50 μg/mL | Sudan | [188] |
Trigonella foenum-graecum Suter. | Fabaceae | Seed | MeOH | DPPH | 37.32 μML | Sudan | [189] |
Ulmus campestris L. | Ulmaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 61.50 μg/mL | Algeria | [193] |
Urgininea maritima (L.) Stearn. | Liliaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.72Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Urtica urens L. | Urticaceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 0.36Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Vernonia amygdalina Delile. | Asteraceae | - | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Vinca rossea (L.) G. Don. | Apocynaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 9/48 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Vitex trifolia L. | Verbenaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 22/89 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Vitis vinifera L. | Vitaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 90/85% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Xanthium brasilicum Vell. | Asteraceae | - | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Ximenia Americana L. | Olacaceae | - | EtOH | SORSA | <50 at 1 μg/mL | Sudan | [45] |
Yucca desmetiana Baker. | Agavaceae | Leaf | CHCl3/MeOH | DPPH | 3/6 at 50 μg/mL | Egypt | [42] |
Zingiber officinale Roscoe. | Zingiberceae | Leaf | H2O | DPPH | 1.08Â mmol TEAC/g | Libya | [194] |
Zingiber officinale Roscoe. | Zingiberaceae | Rhizome | MeOH | DPPH | >100 μg/mL | Egypt | [192] |
Ziziphus spina-christi Georgi. | Rhamnaceae | Leaf | MeOH | DPPH | 91.13% at 50 μg/mL | Sudan | [188] |
Zygophulum simplex L. | Zygophyllaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 85/44% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Zygophyllum album L. | Zygophyllaceae | Aerial parts | Oil | DPPH | 615 μg/mL | Algeria | [221] |
Zygophyllum album L. | Zygophyllaceae | Whole plant | EtOH/H2O | DPPH | 80/64% at 100 μg/mL | Egypt | [41] |
Zygophyllum coccineum L | Zygophyllaceae | Leaf | n-C6H12 | DPPH | 10.80 ± 0.3% | Egypt | [232] |